A smart sprayer comprises a detection system and a chemical spraying system. In this study, the development\r\nstatus and challenges of the detection systems of smart sprayers are discussed along with perspectives on these technologies.\r\nThe detection system of a smart sprayer is used to collect information on target areas and make spraying decisions. The\r\nspraying system controls sprayer operation. Various sensing technologies, such as machine vision, spectral analysis, and\r\nremote sensing, are used in target detection. In image processing, morphological features are employed to segment\r\ncharacteristics such as shape, structure, color, and pattern. In spectral analysis, the characteristics of reflectance and\r\nmultispectral images are applied in crop detection. For the remote sensing application, vegetation indices and hyperspectral\r\nimages are used to provide information on crop management. Other sensors, such as thermography, ultrasonic, laser, and\r\nX-ray sensors, are also used in the detection system and mentioned in the review. On the basis of this review, challenges and\r\nperspectives are suggested. The findings of this study may aid the understanding of smart sprayer systems and provide\r\nfeasible methods for improving efficiency in chemical applications.
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